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Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2008) - Northern Mariana Islands (2003)

Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2008) z Northern Mariana Islands (2003)

 Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2008)Northern Mariana Islands (2003)
 Ashmore and Cartier IslandsNorthern Mariana Islands
Administrative divisions - none (commonwealth in political union with the US); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are four municipalities at the second order; Northern Islands, Rota, Saipan, Tinian
Age structure - 0-14 years: 23.3% (male 9,483; female 9,168)


15-64 years: 74.8% (male 27,839; female 32,041)


65 years and over: 1.8% (male 748; female 727) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products - coconuts, fruits, vegetables; cattle
Airports - 6 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 3


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 3


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


under 914 m: 2 (2002)
Area total: 5 sq km


land: 5 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island		 total: 477 sq km


land: 477 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes 14 islands including Saipan, Rota, and Tinian
Area - comparative about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983, it became a National Nature Reserve. Cartier Island, a former bombing range, is now a marine reserve. Under US administration as part of the UN Trust Territory of the Pacific, the people of the Northern Mariana Islands decided in the 1970s not to seek independence but instead to forge closer links with the US. Negotiations for territorial status began in 1972. A covenant to establish a commonwealth in political union with the US was approved in 1975. A new government and constitution went into effect in 1978.
Birth rate - 19.97 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget - revenues: $193 million


expenditures: $223 million, including capital expenditures of NA (FY 01/02 est.)
Capital - Saipan
Climate tropical tropical marine; moderated by northeast trade winds, little seasonal temperature variation; dry season December to June, rainy season July to October
Coastline 74.1 km 1,482 km
Constitution - Covenant Agreement effective 4 November 1986 and the Constitution of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands effective 1 January 1978
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands


conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands		 conventional long form: Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands


conventional short form: Northern Mariana Islands


former: Mariana Islands District (Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands)
Currency - US dollar (USD)
Death rate - 2.44 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external - $NA
Dependency status territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Attorney-General's Department commonwealth in political union with the US; federal funds to the Commonwealth administered by the US Department of the Interior, Office of Insular Affairs
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) -
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) -
Disputes - international Indonesian groups challenge Australia's claim to these islands; Australia closed parts of the Ashmore and Cartier Reserve to Indonesian traditional fishing and placed restrictions on certain catches none
Economic aid - recipient - extensive funding from US
Economy - overview no economic activity The economy benefits substantially from financial assistance from the US. The rate of funding has declined as locally generated government revenues have grown. The key tourist industry employs about 50% of the work force and accounts for roughly one-fourth of GDP. Japanese tourists predominate. Annual tourist entries have exceeded one-half million in recent years, but financial difficulties in Japan have caused a temporary slowdown. The agricultural sector is made up of cattle ranches and small farms producing coconuts, breadfruit, tomatoes, and melons. Garment production is by far the most important industry with employment of 17,500 mostly Chinese workers and sizable shipments to the US under duty and quota exemptions.
Electricity - consumption - NA kWh
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh
Electricity - production - NA kWh
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 3 m		 lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location on Agrihan 965 m
Environment - current issues NA contamination of groundwater on Saipan may contribute to disease; clean-up of landfill; protection of endangered species conflicts with development
Ethnic groups - Chamorro, Carolinians and other Micronesians, Caucasian, Japanese, Chinese, Filipino, Korean
Exchange rates - the US dollar is used
Executive branch - chief of state: President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001); Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (since 20 January 2001)


head of government: Governor Juan N. BABAUTA (since NA January 2002); Lieutenant Governor Diego T. BENEVENTE (since NA January 2002)


cabinet: NA


elections: US president and vice president elected on the same ticket for four-year terms; governor and lieutenant governor elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held NA November 2001 (next to be held NA November 2005)


election results: Juan N. BABAUTA elected governor in a four-way race; percent of vote - Juan N. BABAUTA (Republican Party) 49%
Exports - $NA
Exports - commodities - garments
Exports - partners - US (2000)
Fiscal year - 1 October - 30 September
Flag description the flag of Australia is used blue, with a white, five-pointed star superimposed on the gray silhouette of a latte stone (a traditional foundation stone used in building) in the center, surrounded by a wreath
GDP - purchasing power parity - $900 million


note: $900 million $900 million GDP estimate includes US subsidy (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $12,500 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - NA%
Geographic coordinates 12 14 S, 123 05 E 15 12 N, 145 45 E
Geography - note Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983 strategic location in the North Pacific Ocean
Heliports - 1 (2002)
Highways - total: 362 km


paved: NA km


unpaved: NA km (1991)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports - $NA
Imports - commodities - food, construction equipment and materials, petroleum products
Imports - partners - US, Japan (2000)
Independence - none (commonwealth in political union with the US)
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries - tourism, construction, garments, handicrafts
Infant mortality rate - total: 5.52 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 6.6 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 4.37 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 1.2% (1997 est.)
International organization participation - ESCAP (associate), Interpol (subbureau), SPC
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 1 (2001)
Irrigated land 0 sq km NA sq km
Judicial branch - Commonwealth Supreme Court; Superior Court; Federal District Court
Labor force - 6,006 total indigenous labor force; 2,699 unemployed; 28,717 foreign workers
Labor force - by occupation - NA
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (all grass and sand) (2005)		 arable land: 15.22%


permanent crops: 6.52%


other: 78.26% (1998 est.)
Languages - English, Chamorro, Carolinian


note: 86% of population speaks a language other than English at home
Legal system the laws of the Commonwealth of Australia and the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply based on US system, except for customs, wages, immigration laws, and taxation
Legislative branch - bicameral Legislature consists of the Senate (9 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year staggered terms) and the House of Representatives (18 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve two-year terms)


elections: Senate - last held 5 November 2001 (next to be held NA November 2003); House of Representatives - last held 1 November 2003 (next to be held NA November 2005)


election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Republican Party 4, Democratic Party 3, Reform Party 1, independent 1; House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Covenant Party 9, Republican Party 7, Democratic Party 1, independent 1


note: the Northern Mariana Islands does not have a nonvoting delegate in the US Congress; instead, it has an elected official or "resident representative" located in Washington, DC; seats by party - Republican Party 1 (Pedro A. TENORIO)
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 76.16 years


male: 73.06 years


female: 79.44 years (2003 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 97%


male: 97%


female: 96% (1980 est.)
Location Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, midway between northwestern Australia and Timor island Oceania, islands in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to the Philippines
Map references Southeast Asia Oceania
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation		 exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine - none (2002 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force defense is the responsibility of the US
National holiday - Commonwealth Day, 8 January (1978)
Nationality - noun: NA


adjective: NA
Natural hazards surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards active volcanoes on Pagan and Agrihan; typhoons (especially August to November)
Natural resources fish arable land, fish
Net migration rate - 16.11 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
People - note the landing of illegal immigrants from Indonesia's Rote Island has become an ongoing problem -
Political parties and leaders - Democratic Party [Dr. Carlos S. CAMACHO]; Republican Party [Benigno R. FITIAL]
Political pressure groups and leaders - NA
Population no indigenous inhabitants


note: Indonesian fishermen are allowed access to the lagoon and fresh water at Ashmore Reef's West Island		 80,006 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate - 3.37% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors - Saipan, Tinian
Radio broadcast stations - AM 2, FM 3, shortwave 1 (1998)
Railways - 0 km
Religions - Christian (Roman Catholic majority, although traditional beliefs and taboos may still be found)
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.87 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 1.03 male(s)/female


total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal; indigenous inhabitants are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections
Telephone system - general assessment: NA


domestic: NA


international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use - 21,000 (1996)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 1,200 (1995)
Television broadcast stations - 1 (on Saipan and one station planned for Rota; in addition, two cable services on Saipan provide varied programming from satellite networks) (1997)
Terrain low with sand and coral southern islands are limestone with level terraces and fringing coral reefs; northern islands are volcanic
Total fertility rate - 1.75 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate - NA%
Waterways - none
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